Exploration Strategies
Descriptions and governing documents of lunar exploration activities
Vision for Solar System Exploration
White House Documents
America at the Threshold: Report of the Synthesis Group on America's Space Exploration Initiative (1991)
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C., May 1991. [The Exploration Programs Office at JSC conducted assessments in 1992 leading to overall summaries and recommendations for each of the architectures proposed by the Synthesis Group. Results are documented in reports ExPO Internal Document No XE-92-001 through XE-92-004].President Bush Delivers Remarks on U.S. Space Policy
(2004)President Bush Announces New Vision for Space Exploration Program (2004)
Fact Sheet: A Renewal Spirit of DiscoveryA Renewed Spirit of Discovery - The President's Vision for U.S. Space Exploration (2004)
Keynote Address: 44th Robert H. Goddard Memorial Symposium (2006)
John Marburger, Director, Office of Science & Technology Policy, Executive Office of the PresidentUnclassified - U.S. National Space Policy (2006)
Remarks on the President's National Space Policy (2006)
Robert C. Joseph, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security
NASA Lunar Architecture
Report of the 90-Day Study on Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars (1989)
NASA-TM-102999, 159 pagesIntegrated Technology Plan For the Civil Space Program (1991)
Space Resources (NASA SP-509) (1992)
Overview
Volume 1: Scenarios
Volume 2: Energy, power and transport
Volume 3: Materials
Volume 4: Social ConcernsAn Accelerated Development, Reduced Cost Approach to Lunar/Mars Exploration Using Modular NTR-Based Space Transportation System (1992)
NASA-TM-107050, S. Borowski et al., 29 pages.NASA Office of Exploration Systems Program Overview (2004)
NASA's Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) (2005)
New Age for Exploration: NASA's Direction for 2005 and Beyond
Concept Exploration and Refinement Team Studies (2005)
[This study was supported by eleven teams and looked at approaches to lunar exploration in the context of the VSE. Each team developed their own approach, including scope and scale, to lunar exploration in the 2015–2030 timeframe and built an architecture to support this approach. These approaches were reasonably diverse and illustrate a good spectrum of ideas for a lunar program. Overview presentations at and detailed reports available through Mathew Barry at NASA Headquarters].Lunar Exploration Objectives (2006)
Version 1, released December 2006Lunar Precursor and Robotic Program Industry Day (2006)
Tony Lavoie, Program Manager; Julie Bassler, Deputy Program Manager, Leslie Curtis, Chief EngineerImplementing the Vision - 2nd Space Exploration Conference Exploration Strategy and Architecture (2006)
Shana Dale, NASA Deputy AdministratorThe Constellation Architecture (2008)
NASA Administrator M.D. Griffin, Speech to the Space Transportation Association, 22 January 2008, 24 pages.European Space Agency Lunar Architecture
Mission to the Moon: Europe's Priorities for the Scientific Exploration and Utilisation of the Moon (1992)
Report of the Lunar Study Steering Group, European Space Agency. ESA SP-1150, 190 pages.LEDA – A First Step in ESA’s Lunar Exploration Initiative (1995)
D. Kassing and M. Novara.EuroMoon 2000 – A Plan for a European Lunar South Pole Expedition (2000)
W. J. Ockels
Advisory Group Reports
NASA Advisory Council (NAC)
Recommendations from the Workshop on Science Associated with the Lunar Exploration Architecture (2007)
H.H. Schmitt et al. (see also White Papers presented at the workshop)National Research Council (NRC)
The Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon (2007)
Human Exploration of Space: A Review of NASA's 90-Day Study and Alternatives (1990)
New Frontiers in the Solar System: An Integrated Exploration Strategy (2003)
Stepping-Stones to the Future of Space Exploration: A Workshop Report (2004)
NASA In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Capability Roadmap Final Report (2005)
Sanders, G. B. and Duke, M. (eds.). Unpublished white paper, 49 pages.In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Capability Roadmap Progress Review (2005)
Final Presentation to the National Research Council (NRC). Powerpoint presentation, 204 charts.Lunar Exploration Analysis Group (LEAG)
Lunar Exploration Science Working Group (LExSWG)
Curation and Analysis Planning Team for Extraterrestrial Materials (CAPTEM)
Analysis of Lunar Sample Mass Capability for the Lunar Exploration Architecture (2007)
International Lunar Exploration Working Group (ILEWG)
International Academy of Astronautics (IAA)
Planetary Society
Other Reports
Report of the Commission on the Scientific Case for Human Space Exploration (2005)
Royal Astronomical Society, 27 pages.
Science Objectives
Horizons and Opportunities in Lunar Sample Science (1985)
Lunar and Planetary Sample Team (LAPST)
Unmanned Spaceflights Needed as Scientific Preparation for a Manned Lunar Base (1985)
in Lunar Bases, D.E. Wilhelms, 7 pages.The Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon: Final Report (2007)
Committee on the Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon,
National Research CouncilLunar Surface Exploration Strategy (1995)
Lunar Exploration Objectives (2006)
Produced by NASA’s Global Exploration Strategy process
Exploration Objectives
Post-Apollo Lunar Science; Report of a Study by the Lunar Science Institute (1972) Recommendations for post-Apollo lunar science activities by many of the participants that planned and executed the Apollo lunar surface science investigations.
Status and Future of Lunar Geoscience
NASA SP-484 (1986)Future Astronomical Observatories on the Moon (1988)
NASA Conference Publication 2489Lunar Exploration Objectives (2006)
Produced by NASA’s Global Exploration Strategy process
Utilizing Lunar Resources
Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (1985)
W.W. Mendell (ed.), 865 pages.Report of the In Situ Resources Utilization Workshop (1988)
NASA Conference Publication 3017, 100 pages.Workshop on Production and Uses of Simulated Lunar Materials (1991)
NASA In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Capability Roadmap Final Report (2005)
Sanders, G. B. and Duke, M. (eds.). Unpublished white paper, 49 pages.In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Capability Roadmap Progress Review (2005)
Final Presentation to the National Research Council (NRC). Powerpoint presentation, 204 charts.
Lunar Analog Terrains and Astronaut Training
JSC-1: A New Lunar Soil Simulant (1994)
Lunar Regolith Simulant Materials Workshop (2004)
Guidebook to the Geology of Barringer Meteorite Crater, Arizona (a.k.a. Meteor Crater) (2007)
David A. Kring, 150 pages
Robotic Exploration
Selected Missions
Results & Proceedings of the Lunar Rover/Mobility Systems Workshop (1992)
Data Collection by Robotic Precursors in Support of Project Apollo (1992)
Data Requirements, Program Review, and Evaluation of Results, Dean EpplerLifetimes of Lunar Satellite Orbits (1994)
NASA-TP-3394, K.W. Meyer et al., 40 pages.The Unified Lunar Control Network (2007)
USGS Open-file Report 2006-1367, B. A. Archinal et al.The Lunar Surface Reference Mission: A Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities (2003)
Duke, M., Hoffman, S., and Snook, K. NASA Technical Publication 2003-210793, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston TX
Human Exploration
Lunar Bases and Space Activities in the 21st Century: A Symposium (1984)
NASA-TM-89348, 149 pages.
Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (1985)
W. W. Mendell (ed.), 865 pages.Developing A Site Selection Strategy for a Lunar Outpost: Science Criteria for Site Selection (1990)
A Site Selection Strategy for a Lunar Outpost: Science and Operational Parameters(1990)
Geoscience and A Lunar Base: A Comprehensive Plan for Lunar Exploration (1990)
NASA CP-3070, Taylor, G. J. and Spudis P. D. (eds.), NASA Conference Publication 3070, 80 pages.Lighting Constraints on Lunar Surface Operations (1991)
Dean B. Eppler. NASA Technical Memorandum 4271, 24 pages“First Lunar Outpost; Conceptual Surface Mission" (1992)
(working document, never published). [High level, annotated timeline of a 45-day lunar surface mission tied to the First Lunar Outpost studies].Pressurized Lunar Rover (1992)
NASA-CR-192034, 106 pages.Interviews with the Apollo Lunar Surface Astronauts in Support of Planning for EVA Systems Design (1994)
Connors, M., Eppler, D., and Morrow, D. NASA Technical Memorandum 108846, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CA.)Geologic Field Work and General Implications for Planetary EVA Suit Design (1997)
Eppler, D. Internal Memo, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TXThe Lunar Surface Reference Mission: A Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities (2003)
Duke, M., Hoffman, S., and Snook, K. NASA Technical Publication 2003-210793, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston TXAdvanced EVA Capabilities: A Study for NASA’s Revolutionary Aerospace Systems Concept Program (2004)
Hoffman, S. NASA Technical Publication 2004-212068, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston TXStrategic Research to Enable NASA’s Exploration Missions Conference Abstracts (2004)
NASA-TM-2004-213114, 203 pages.Electric Power System Technology Options for Lunar Surface Missions (2005)
NASA-TM-2005-213629, Thomas W. Kerslake, Glenn Research CenterThe Unified Lunar Control Network (2007)
USGS Open-file Report 2006-1367, B. A. Archinal et al.
Potential Hazards
Ionizing Radiation
Ionizing Radiation on the Moon
Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12 (1972)
NASA-SP-284, 312 pages.Lunar Dust and Radiation Darkening of Surveyor 3 Surfaces (1972)
NASA-SP-284, W.F. Carroll and P.M. Blair Jr., 7 pages.Irradiation of the Moon by Galactic Cosmic Rays and Other Particles (1985)
in Lunar Bases, J.H. Adams Jr. and M.M. Shapiro, 13 pages.Solar-Flare Shielding with Regolith at a Lunar-Base Site (1988)
NASA-TP-2869, J.E. Nealy et al., 28 pages.Radiation Protection for Human Missions to the Moon and Mars (1991)
NASA-TP-3079, L.C. Simonsen and J.E. Nealy, 30 pages.Managing Lunar and Mars Mission Radiation Risks Part 1: Cancer Risks, Uncertainties, and Shielding Effectiveness (2005)
NASA-TP-2005-213164, F.A. Cucinotta et al., 44 pages.Primary and Secondary Meteorite Bombardment
Spray Ejected from the Lunar Surface by Meteoroid Impact (1963)
NASA-TN-D-1767, D.E. Gault et al., 40 pages.Results of Examination of the Returned Surveyor 3 Samples for Particulate Impacts (1972)
in NASA-SP-284, B.G. Cour-Palais et al., 10 pages.Design of a Thermal and Micrometeorite Protection System for an Unmanned Lunar Cargo Lander (1989)
NASA-CR-186682, C.A.Hernandez et al., 82 pages.Dust
ALSEP Environmental Specification Revision: Lunar Dust (1966)
NASA-CR-153663, 8 pages.A Study and Analysis of the MSFC Lunar Roving Vehicle Dust Profile Test Program (1971)
NASA-CR-121075, 33 pages.Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12 (1972)
NASA-SP-284, 312 pages.Lunar Dust and Radiation Darkening of Surveyor 3 Surfaces (1972)
in NASA-SP-284, W.F. Carroll and P.M. Blair Jr., 7 pages.Data Analysis to Separate Particles of Different Speed Regimes and Charges (1977)
NASA-CR-159916, 11 pages.Lunar Dust Transport and Potential Interactions with Power System Components (1991)
NASA-CR-4404, C.M. Katzan and J.L. Edwards, 46 pages.Meteoroid/Debris Shielding (2003)
NASA-TP-2003-210788, E.L. Christiansen, 111 pages.
Miscellaneous
NASA/USRA University Advanced Design Program: Proceedings of the 6th Annual Summer Conference (1990)
NASA-CR-187041, 356 pages.
