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Formulation

We consider a turbulent, axisymmetric, thin accretion disc rotating with Keplerian angular velocity tex2html_wrap_inline987 , and having a halfthickness tex2html_wrap_inline989 . Cylindrical polar coordinates tex2html_wrap_inline991 are used, with Z=0 corresponding to a disc midplane (equator) and R=0 corresponding to the centre of the star. A magnetic field embedded in a turbulent, electrically conducting disc has a random, small-scale component, as well as a mean, large-scale component, which we are concerned with here. In the presence of turbulence, the evolution of a mean magnetic field tex2html_wrap_inline997 inside the disc is governed by the dynamo equation

  eqnarray47

where tex2html_wrap_inline999 is the mean, large-scale gas velocity, tex2html_wrap_inline1001 is the mean helicity parametergif, and tex2html_wrap_inline1007 is the total magnetic diffusivity, which includes contributions from resistive and turbulent losses.

Coefficients tex2html_wrap_inline1009 and tex2html_wrap_inline1011 are determined by the mean velocity field and the mean statistical parameters of the fluctuating velocity having a characteristic speed tex2html_wrap_inline1013 , and a correlation length tex2html_wrap_inline1015 . In equation (1) both tex2html_wrap_inline1017 and tex2html_wrap_inline1019 are scalars, although, if the effects of a rotation on the turbulence are considered (Rüdiger, Elstner & Stepinski 1995 [20]), they become tensors. Neglecting such rotational effects, tex2html_wrap_inline1021 and tex2html_wrap_inline1023 can be expressed as

  equation67

and

  equation72

The function tex2html_wrap_inline1025 represents the so-called tex2html_wrap_inline1027 -quenching, the reduction of mean helicity due to the feedback of a magnetic field on turbulent motion. The general form of tex2html_wrap_inline1029 is given by Rüdiger & Kichatinov (1993) [19]. Here we will use the simplified form tex2html_wrap_inline1031 , where tex2html_wrap_inline1033 is magnetic field strength when its energy is in equipartition with the kinetic energy of the turbulent motions. We will henceforth refer to tex2html_wrap_inline1035 as the equipartition value.

Because we have assumed the outside of the disc to be a vacuum, electrical currents cannot be supported there and the evolution of a magnetic field outside the disc is governed by the expression

  equation88

As the entire system is axisymmetric, we can express the magnetic field in the form tex2html_wrap_inline1037 with tex2html_wrap_inline1039 representing the toroidal field and A representing the toroidal part of the vector potential from which components of a poloidal field can be recovered, tex2html_wrap_inline1043 and tex2html_wrap_inline1045 . Equation (1) separates into the following toroidal and poloidal components

  eqnarray102

and

  eqnarray132

The symbol tex2html_wrap_inline1047 denotes differential operator

displaymath985

In the toroidal equation (5) the first three terms on the right-hand side provide coupling of the toroidal and poloidal fields. Of these three terms, the first, due to Keplerian shear, is the largest. The second is smaller by a factor of the order of tex2html_wrap_inline1049 , and the third is smaller by a factor of the order of tex2html_wrap_inline1051 . Of the last three terms on the right-hand side of equation (5) the last, diffusive term is the largest. The advective term is smaller by a factor of the order of tex2html_wrap_inline1053 , and the term associated with the derivative of tex2html_wrap_inline1055 is smaller by a factor of the order of tex2html_wrap_inline1057 . Altogether, in a thin disc characterised by tex2html_wrap_inline1059 , it is sufficient to keep only the first and the last terms on the right-hand side of equation (5). In the poloidal equation (6) the coupling to the toroidal field is provided by the first term on the right-hand side. The second, advective term is smaller than the last, diffusive term by a factor of the order of tex2html_wrap_inline1061 and can be neglected.

Equation (4), controlling the behaviour of a magnetic field outside the disc has a vanishing toroidal component, and a poloidal component given by

  equation168

On the surface of the disc, tex2html_wrap_inline1063 , the magnetic field is continuous. An externally imposed field, tex2html_wrap_inline1065 , maintained by currents located at infinity, has only a poloidal component such that tex2html_wrap_inline1067 . We solve equations (5)-(7) to obtain tex2html_wrap_inline1069 and A, we then add A to tex2html_wrap_inline1075 , thereby obtaining the total potential of the poloidal magnetic field from which components of poloidal field, tex2html_wrap_inline1077 and tex2html_wrap_inline1079 , are calculated.





next up previous
Next: Computational approach Up: Accretion disc dynamos in Previous: Introduction