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Khatyrka
Basic information Name: Khatyrka
     This is an OFFICIAL meteorite name.
Abbreviation: There is no official abbreviation for this meteorite.
Observed fall: No
Year found: 2011
Country: Russia
Mass:help 0.1 g
Classification
  history:
Meteoritical Bulletin:  MB 100  (2012)  CV3
MB 113  (2024)  CVox3
Recommended:  CVox3    [explanation]

This is 1 of 51 approved meteorites classified as CVox3.   [show all]
Search for other: Carbonaceous chondrites, Carbonaceous chondrites (type 3), CV chondrites, and CV-CK clan chondrites
Comments: Approved 6 Jun 2012
Revised 28 Mar 2024: Revised class based on metbull text
Writeuphelp
Writeup from MB 100:

Khatyrka        62°39’11.36"N, 174°30’1.54"E

Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia

Found: July, 2011

Classification: Carbonaceous chondrite (CV3)

History: Tiny pieces of a chondrite were found during an expedition to Chukotka in far eastern Russia by scientists from the US, Russia and Italy, from July 20 to August 7, 2011, in search of icosahedrite [1, 2]. Members of the team were P. J. Steinhardt, C. Andronicos, L. Bindi, V. V. Distler, M. Eddy, A. Kostin, V. Kryachko, G. J. MacPherson, W. M. Steinhardt, and M. Yudovskaya. The search team removed 1.5 tons of clay and other material from dense gray-blue clay layers that are exposed along Listventovyi stream, and panned it to obtain the heavy fraction (within which the meteorite fragments were found).

Physical characteristics: Seven grains were recovered during the 2011 expedition, and an additional three grains exist in St. Petersburg, Russia, and Florence, Italy, that were collected during a 1979 expedition; all are ~1 mm or less in maximum dimension. The total mass recovered is <0.1 g.

Petrography: (G. MacPherson, SI) The grains are dark gray with visible silicates and metal. Al-Cu alloy was observed on some of the grain surfaces. SEM examination of polished surfaces of two grains (#5 and #121) revealed that both are meteorite fragments, containing porphyritic olivine chondrules, chondrule fragments, and isolated olivine crystals in a porous matrix of olivine, calcium-rich clinopyroxene of diverse composition, nepheline, Ni-Fe metal, and Ni-Fe sulfide. The PO chondrules have Fa0-2 cores surrounded by Fe-rich mantles to Fa48. Zoning extends along internal crystalline fractures. The olivine cores show progressive primary zoning from essentially pure forsterite (Fa0) outward to ~Fa18. Interstitial to the olivine is enstatite (Fs1Wo1), which is rimmed by Fe-rich olivine. The matrix is porous and resembles that observed in CV3 chondrites, such as Allende, with olivine compositions of Fa48-50. The presence of awaruite (~68 wt. % Ni), Ni-rich sulfide (pentlandite with ~22 wt. % Ni), interstitial nepheline, and abundant clumps of Ca-rich clinopyroxene (mostly diopside, but variable) are again typical of CV3. Metal and sulfide mostly occur together in rounded (in some cases concentric) masses that also contain abundant Ca-phosphate. The sulfide encloses the metal. One CuAl metal alloy grain was found enclosed within the olivine of a chondrule. Among the meteorite grains recovered is a CAI fragment. It mainly is a porous aggregate of spinel grains with attached portions of CV3 meteorite matrix. The spinel is predominantly MgAl2O4, with varying contents of FeO (3-15 wt.%). This object is similar in most respects to the fine-grained spinel-rich inclusions found in CV3 chondrites (a variety of Ca-Al-rich inclusion), the only difference being that in other CV3 meteorites the spinel is generally rimmed by thin (few μm) layers of aluminous diopside. Diopside is present here as well, but only as a much thinner layer.

Geochemistry: Preliminary oxygen isotope analyses (SIMS: J. Eiler and Y. Guan, CalTech) of olivine plot on CCAM line at Δ17O ~ -5 to -10 permil. CAI spinel plots with all other CAI spinel at Δ17O ~ -20 permil.

Classification: The meteorite is a CV3 (oxidized) chondrite. The individual fragments show no signs of terrestrial weathering other than very minor, and only local, hematite, despite the fact that they occur in a sedimentary deposit.

Specimens: 10 known, each less than 1 mm in size. Three representative specimens have been deposited at SI.

Data from:
  MB100
  Table 1
  Line 538:
State/Prov/County:Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Origin or pseudonym:Listvenovyi stream , Koryak Mtns.
Date:July, 2011
Latitude:62°39'11.36"N
Longitude:174°30'1.54"E
Mass (g):0.1
Pieces:9
Class:CV3
Fayalite (mol%):Chondrules Fa 0-18; matrix Fa48-50
Ferrosilite (mol%):1
Wollastonite (mol%):1
Classifier:G. J. MacPherson, SI
Type spec mass (g):0.1
Type spec location:SI
Main mass:See text
Finder:See text
Comments:Submitted by: P. J. Steinhardt (team leader; PrinCTS), C. Andronicos (Cornell Univ.), L. Bindi (Università di Firenze), V. V. Distler (IGEM-RAS), M. Eddy (MIT), A. Kostin (B H P Billiton), V. Kryachko (IGEM-RAS), G. J. MacPherson (SI), W. M. Steinhardt (Harvard Univ.), and M. Yudovskaya (IGEM-RAS)
Institutions
   and collections
SI: Department of Mineral Sciences, NHB-119, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, United States; Website (institutional address; updated 16 Jan 2012)
CalTech: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91124, United States (institutional address)
MIT: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 54-1224, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States (institutional address)
PrinCTS: Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 , United States (institutional address; updated 26 Jul 2012)
Catalogs:
References: Published in Meteoritical Bulletin, no. 100, MAPS 49, E1-E101 (2014)
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Geography:

Russia
Coordinates:
     Recommended::   (62° 39' 11"N, 174° 30' 2"E)

Statistics:
     This is 1 of 7 approved meteorites from Chukotskiy avtonomnyy okrug, Russia (plus 1 impact crater)
     This is 1 of 156 approved meteorites from Russia (plus 5 unapproved names) (plus 19 impact craters)
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